@bugaevc As far as I'm aware Hurd doesn't have support for running Linux binaries, though it could be interesting to see if something like this runs on FreeBSD's Linux compatibility.
Apparently Debian/Hurd began in 1998 and didn't have a release until 2013.
Regardless, binary compatibility isn't necessarily the "best" way to run Gimp 0.54 on modern Unix. You should be able to natively compile something like it (maybe with a bit of patching) for whatever OS and architecture.