BaltimoreHistories

@BaltimoreHistories@historians.social

A weekly investigative newsletter sharing histories of the people of Baltimore.

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BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

Each September, #Baltimore institutions commemorate the anniversary of the Battle of Baltimore (September 1814). Often, enslaver and colonizationist Francis Scott Key is featured for his role in writing the Star-Spangled Banner. In this image, we have overlaid some of Key’s views on slavery over top of his draft of the poem. Let us reconsider what he meant by “Land of the Free.”
https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbcmisc.lst0099
https://www.mdhistory.org/resources/the-star-spangled-banner/

BaltimoreHistories, to random

"Henrietta Lacks’ family reaches historic settlement, wins compensation for her stolen cells," Jessica Calefati for @BaltimoreBanner: https://www.thebaltimorebanner.com/economy/science-medicine/henrietta-lacks-settlement-compensation-stolen-cells-biotech-company-JNCPZLQGEZENPCHLR643GKBBGA/

BaltimoreHistories, to random

August 3, 1968 (55 years ago today, ): the Movement Against Destruction (MAD), a Baltimore interracial coalition of 35 organizations, was founded. The group sought to prevent highway construction from destroying communities in Baltimore City. They campaigned vigorously against the infamous I-170, also known as the “Highway to Nowhere.”
Image source: https://archivesspace.ubalt.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/46920

BaltimoreHistories, to random

When Gwynn Oak Amusement Park desegregated on August 28, 1963 (60 years ago today, ), Baltimore County exec Spiro Agnew said, "those who worked on behalf of this change must... guarantee that Gwynn Oak Park will not suffer economically as a result of integration." When park closed in 1974, owner said: "Integration killed us." Black patrons who urged desegregation attended the park greatly. It was anti-integration white patrons who stayed away.
https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7QknAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2gIGAAAAIBAJ&pg=5611%2C4946044; https://www.jstor.org/stable/41970397

BaltimoreHistories, to random

August 29, 1803 (220 years ago today, ): Recapture ad announced alleged runaway from slavery Edward Jackson was jailed in Baltimore County, was telling people he was free & came from New Orleans. If he did, then he likely arrived via the Port of Baltimore. Baltimore to New Orleans became a primary domestic slave trade route soon thereafter. Antebellum Baltimore's surging free Black population provided promising landscape for fugitives from slavery seeking camouflage.
https://app.freedomonthemove.org/advertisements/00d85e0c-11b1-495b-8e99-5e070192f5ca

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

September 8, 1789 (234 years ago today, ): Maryland Society for the Abolition of Slavery founded in , becoming the 1st anti-slavery society in & 4th in the United States. The group provided legal aid to enslaved people petitioning courts for their freedom. In response, in 1792 the Maryland House of Delegates censured & condemned the society for this “unjustifiable, uncandid & oppressive conduct.”
Source: William G. Thomas III, A Question of Freedom (Yale, 2020), 37-53.

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

On July 5, 1975 (48 years ago today), Dr. Lillie May Carroll Jackson, arguably the most impactful person in civil rights history, passed away at age 86. She specified in her will that her home would be made into a museum. Today, it is the only civil rights museum & only museum named for a woman in Maryland: https://www.lilliecarrolljacksonmuseum.org/

Image source: https://www.baltimoresun.com/resizer/XuHJ_GoJCGz1bhxD_eXzdiVbxOk=/1200x0/filters:format(jpg):quality(70)/arc-anglerfish-arc2-prod-tronc.s3.amazonaws.com/public/I3AST3LWRJFOLIJMTK4IXN5NFE.jpg

BaltimoreHistories, to random

June 20, 1861 (162 years ago today), Baltimore City Council approved $100k to build Civil War fortifications around the city. “On the morning of that day about one thousand colored [sic] men were seized by the police in different sections of the city and marched out in squads of forty each to work on the defenses.” State via police seized Black people & forced involuntary Black labor to build fortifications, 3+ years before MD's Emancipation Day (Nov. 1, 1864).

https://www.loc.gov/item/rc01003473/

BaltimoreHistories, to maryland

August 30, 1992 (31 years ago today), WaPo published a piece on a Historical Society in exhibition that took a nuanced approach to histories of racial oppression. Titled “Mining the Museum,” it was extended from its scheduled summer 1992 duration through to February 1993. In this photo (below), we see metal shackles alongside ornate silverware, speaking to human interaction w/ metalwork reinforcing power relations.
Info: http://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/08/30/coming-out-from-the-shadows-of-history/a3f9ccce-f601-490f-8d9d-12f31ce3ec3b/?tid=ss_mail
Image: https://www.mdhistory.org/resources/mining-the-museum-metalwork-1793-1880/

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

July 20, 1877 (146 years ago today), the first documented loss of life during the first national strike in U.S. history took place in City. Nearly a week into the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the 6th Regiment Militia fired on the crowd of labor demonstrators, killing 10 people and wounding 25.

Info: https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcmassbookdig.naturalindustria00scha
Image: https://www.loc.gov/item/90707120/

BaltimoreHistories, to random

July 27, 2003 (20 years ago today, ), African American first baseman Eddie Murray was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame as a member of the Baltimore Orioles. He is one of only seven players in Major League Baseball history to register at least 3,000 hits & 500 home runs. When he reached this feat in 1996, he was one of only three to do it up to that point. All three of these players were African American, the others being Hank Aaron & Willie Mays.
Image source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rickey_Henderson_and_Eddie_Murray,_1983.jpg

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

August 27, 1963 (60 years ago today, ), on the eve of the March on Washington, Afro-American front page declared: “Maryland buses ready to go.” The article continued: “Marylanders from every walk of life and every section of the state will board buses and private cars Wednesday morning for the historic March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.”
Info: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Q5klAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PvUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4563%2C3506403
Image: https://www.loc.gov/item/2013649723/

BaltimoreHistories, to random

Our latest feature is out now! We explore connections between "Railroad Infrastructure and the Pratt Street Riot of 1861," which caused some of the first casualties of the Civil War: https://www.baltimorehistories.com/post/railroad-infrastructure-and-the-pratt-street-riot-of-1861

Image source: O. Pelton and William Momberger, “Attack on the Massachusetts 6th at Baltimore, April 19, 1861,” steel engraving (Hartford, CT, c. 1861), https://www.loc.gov/item/2004680236/.

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

September 3, 1838 (185 years ago today, ) Frederick Douglass fled his enslavement in , making his way through Delaware to Philadelphia, then taking a train to New York. Douglass later wrote: “On Monday, the third day of September, 1838, in accordance with my resolution, I bade farewell to the city of Baltimore, and to that slavery which had been my abhorrence from childhood.”
https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/dougl92/dougl92.html

BaltimoreHistories, to Orioles

August 13, 1969 (54 years ago today, ): pitcher Jim Palmer threw a no-hitter against the Oakland Athletics at Memorial Stadium in , in front of a recorded attendance of 16,826. At that point, the Orioles were in 1st in the American League East, with a 14.5 game lead over the 2nd-place Detroit Tigers. Palmer threw 142 pitches: 123 fastballs, 18 curveballs, 1 changeup.
Info source: https://sabr.org/gamesproj/game/august-13-1969-jim-palmer-no-hits-the-athletics/
Image source: https://flic.kr/p/iT82i

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

August 30, 1967 (56 years ago today, ): Baltimorean Thurgood Marshall became the first African American justice confirmed to the Supreme Court of the United States. In its next edition, the Afro-American's front page featured the headline: "Thurgood in Despite Dixie." The story began: "The U.S. Senate ended the southern stall against confirmation of Thurgood Marshall as a justice of the U.S. Supreme Court Wednesday."
Info: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=afsmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4QIGAAAAIBAJ&pg=4059%2C1648773
Image: https://www.loc.gov/item/2017657589/

BaltimoreHistories, to random

August 24, 1814 (209 years ago today, ): British forces victorious at the Battle of Bladensburg (Maryland), then proceeded to burn Washington, D.C. later that day. In response, Baltimoreans accelerated the fortification of the city, correctly foreseeing looming British attack on Baltimore. Fortification builders included a free Black Baltimorean named Nicholas Kinnard, a drayman/carter who lived in Fells Point w/ his wife & 4 kids.
Info: https://www.nps.gov/fomc/learn/historyculture/fortifying-baltimore.htm
Image: https://www.loc.gov/resource/cph.3d02164/

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

Our latest feature is out now! We explore the story of "Julia Emory, Baltimorean Women’s Suffrage Activist," including her involvement with the National Woman's Party (NWP) and the Women's Trade Union League (WTUL).

https://www.baltimorehistories.com/post/julia-emory-baltimorean-women-s-suffrage-activist
Image source: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016855805/

BaltimoreHistories, (edited ) to baltimore

Happy Birthday to Enoch Pratt (born September 10, 1808, ), founder of ’s Enoch Pratt Free Library (1886). Committed to welcoming Black patrons from the start: “The people, who I hope, will avail of the advantages it is my wish to offer them, they being for all, rich or poor, without distinction of race or color…” However, in the antebellum period he was a member of the American Colonization Society.
Image: https://www.loc.gov/item/2015645531/
Info: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25541141

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

September 15, 1935 (88 years ago today, ): Baltimorean Juanita Jackson Mitchell joined the national staff of the NAACP after playing a key role in the revitalization of its branch since 1931. The Crisis reported, “Miss Jackson is best known as the founder and president of the City-Wide Young People’s Forum of Baltimore, which holds meetings throughout the winter, regularly attracting audiences of 1,500 to 2,000 persons.”
Info: https://archive.org/details/sim_crisis_1935-09_42_9
Image: https://www.mdhistory.org/resources/portrait-of-juanita-jackson-mitchell/

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

Happy Birthday to writer, poet, and anti-slavery activist Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, born in on September 24, 1825 (198 years ago today, ). She was one of the most prominent Black women activist voices of her lifetime. Learn more from Dr. Martha S. Jones: https://www.thebaltimorebanner.com/opinion/community-voices/frances-harper-martha-s-jones-baltimore-EHGSPKF4KVGJTN3EFVSNAYWRV4/
Image source: https://www.loc.gov/resource/cph.3c18946/

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

This runaway recapture ad from October 15, 1804 (219 years ago today, ) seeks the return of self-liberator “JOE, about 18 years old,” adding that “It is known he applied to get a passage in the stage to .” The advertising enslaver draws attention to Joe’s intellect, describing him as “artful” & noting he “will endeavor to pass as a free man.” The enslaver also credits Joe's business abilities: “had a watch, which it is probable he will be offering for sale.”
https://fotm.link/6RKF22UZr4S42yifC2Nv2i

BaltimoreHistories, to random

Here is a Valentine's Day card featuring Baltimore Histories project themes:

BaltimoreHistories, to baltimore

250 years ago today (August 20, 1773, ) – 1st publication of 's 1st newspaper (3rd in Maryland): the Maryland Journal and the Baltimore Advertiser. It was created by William Goddard but soon taken over by his sister Mary K. Goddard as William went off to create an American postal system. Mary became highly influential, printing the 2nd version of the Declaration of Independence & 1st to include names of the signers.
Learn more: https://www.baltimorehistories.com/post/mary-k-goddard-late-eighteenth-century-baltimore-s-newspaper-publisher-printer-and-postmaster
Image: https://digital.lib.umd.edu/image?pid=umd:76041

BaltimoreHistories, to random

October 18, 1933 (90 years ago today): Black laborer George Armwood was lynched on MD's Eastern Shore. This tragedy galvanized an uprising in Baltimore. City-Wide Young People’s Forum leaders Juanita Jackson & Clarence Mitchell testified to U.S. Senate anti-lynching subcommittee the subsequent February. Resulting Costigan-Wagner anti-lynching bill never made it to Senate. In Baltimore, this campaign reinvigorated NAACP branch & anti-lynching struggle.
https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc3500/sc3520/013700/013750/pdf/deathcert.pdf

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