Removing permission for "nearby devices" - this unfortunately appears to block both Bluetooth and NFC permission
Turning off the phone's Bluetooth - NFC still works while the Bluetooth radio is off, but you'd basically never be able to safely use Bluetooth anytime you aren't watching your car. Setting a PIN is still unfortunately the only way to go, and hope that a dedicated attacker doesn't also find a way to capture your PIN (e.g. camera zoomed in on your screen).
Teslas Can Still Be Stolen With a Cheap Radio Hack—Despite New Keyless Tech (www.wired.com)