@skullgiver@popplesburger.hilciferous.nl
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skullgiver

@skullgiver@popplesburger.hilciferous.nl

Giver of skulls

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skullgiver, (edited )
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Fifty million polygons processed by over 7 hundred thousand processing cores (Intel iGPU), versus 4 million tokens processed by a single execution unit (with some instruction reordering tricky).

skullgiver,
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This website served as a nice reminder that I forgot to install Consent-o-Matic on my phone after reinstalling Firefox. How useful!

skullgiver,
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And they’ll stay wealthy for longer by letting some big companies pay for an ad on the scaffolding covering up the cathedral while restoration takes place.

skullgiver,
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It still sucks, but I guess it’s better than letting monuments crumble.

skullgiver,
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There’s this project that’ll try to read your old water meter with a camera. All you need is a $10 dev board of the right model and a power supply near your water meter.

skullgiver, (edited )
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AI is as shit as its input. The internet, as a whole, is racist as hell, but it’s also the biggest source of training data. It’s too much work to compose a dataset without biases, so instead every AI model is trained after the fact, or prompts are changed, in an attempt to combat this bias.

This is how we got Google’s AI inserting black people into generated images specifically about white people, and how AI models learned to treat certain populations with satin gloves. Fixing the root cause of the problem isn’t financially viable, and all of this stuff is developed with private funds, so a patch job is the best we can get.

I don’t think it’ll get better. I grew up with “don’t use Wikipedia as a source” drilled into me and I don’t know anyone who didn’t go to Wikipedia every time they needed to read up on a new subject. We’ll get the same with AI models, except AI models lie in more subtle ways than the Wikipedia trolls that I encountered as a kid.

I think AI will exaggerate the slight biases introduced to combat the problems of the dataset to the extreme. As society continues to take the output if AI models as truth, and bigots continue to write terrible shit online that makes it into the infinite copyright violation treadmill, the effect will slowly become more pronounced, but not fast enough to get noticed.

American wanting to move abroad, what's the best bet for an registered nurse?

Hi there, I’m a registered nurse in Phoenix, Arizona and I’m seriously considering moving abroad because this country is driving me insane for a lot of reasons. I was considering moving to Israel since I’m Jewish and I’ve heard they have a better healthcare system there and pay nurses well but this war has made me not...

skullgiver,
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I don’t want to dash your hopes of emigrating to a better country, but don’t underestimate how painful emigration can be. You can’t just pick a country and move there. Moving countries is not like moving states. You’ll need to convince the country you’re going that you’re worth letting in. If I were you, I’d start with a list of countries that might be willing to let you in, and work your way down from there.

I would suggest Europe, the Nordics in particular; the Nordics are some of the best countries to live in in the entire world, with (in my opinion) rather pleasant politics in comparison. Germany and other north-western countries tend to score well too, but you’ll have to look into how much they match your ideals and culture. Europe is generally on pretty good terms with the USA, which helps a lot. However, you’re not alone in wanting to move there. Don’t be surprised if the process of applying for permission to enter the country takes months to years and several thousand dollars in paperwork, time and money you don’t get back if you’re refused. Things can go a bit smoother if you’ve got a claim on citizenship by blood or family history, but that too can take time and paperwork to arrange, and is entirely dependent on the current laws in the countries your ancestors are from.

In many countries, being a highly skilled worker gives you a major advantage. However, your nursing education may not be accredited in other countries, or be considered “highly skilled” enough; with some bad luck, you may need to go back to school in your country of choice to get your education revalidated (if you’re let in for that). The same goes for driver’s licenses and certifications you may have achieved over the years.

One trick you may be able to use if you’re of European descent is getting European citizenship by blood (I believe Italy, Spain, and a bunch of other countries allow for this) and then use the freedom the Schengen accords provide to move elsewhere in Europe, skipping a whole lot of paperwork. This way, you can, for example, work in Denmark without needing to go through the strict Danish immigration system (though validating your education may still need work).

Just as an example: if you want to apply for a license for a general nurse in Norway as a non-EEA citizen, processing time takes at least 11 months if you provide all the required paperwork and costs $152 to file (which you don’t get back if you’re refused). You need a license to be a general nurse; without a license, you can’t do your job. Without a job, you can’t just move there; you can get a temporary holiday visa but you can’t apply for jobs with that. This is on top of the other requirements, like speaking B2 level Norwegian. If you apply, you may be given a deadline to conform with the requirements.

skullgiver, (edited )
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sudo isn’t simple at all. SUID binaries shouldn’t be LDAP clients, IMO. Unfortunate bugs like “user environment variables are used to select the editor” make all the complex configuration a huge risk, because permitting a single user to edit a single file suddenly gives the user full root access when they set the right env variables.

I have no specific love for run0 (doas works just as well) but sudo does way more than it should do in a binary with the SUID bit.

run0 doesn’t exist because systemd wanted to build their own sudo, they just realised their systemd-run already offers most sudo features so they may as well make them available to end users.

skullgiver,
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You can just turn off Bitlocker in the Windows settings from what I can tell. It just seems to default to encryption, like every other OS has for the last decade or so.

Can you provide a source for the 45% performance hit? The average consumer CPU can do a couple of GB per second of AES operations these days, so I wonder how you got to that number.

skullgiver,
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They’re forced by the DMA to open their network to alternative chat clients, so that you could, for example, use Signal to chat with people who use WhatsApp. Of course Signal would need to implement the protocol, but Facebook isn’t allowed to stop them from joining up, the way Apple did when Beeper joined iMessage.

This doesn’t need to include any security vulnerabilities. If anything, an open implementation of the WhatsApp protocol will work to prove that WhatsApp’s protocol is as secure as Facebook claims.

There’s an open standard (MLS) for secure inter-app messaging formats. Google uses this for RCS group chats, for example. The IETF is still working on MIMI, an addition to also standardise the protocol for actual cross-app communication, but that’s still being designed right now.

skullgiver,
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Licensing is literally the only way the people who make HDMI can make money. They have a monetary incentive to sell as many licenses as possible. That’s why they make new versions for minor features, because pasting the sticker with the new number on the box will pay their paychecks.

What I don’t get, though, is why the open source approach would be a problem. I don’t think the HDMI people have that many business secrets in software form, it’s all patents and licensing.

Luckily, there’s DisplayPort.

skullgiver,
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Phones are developed to store as much in RAM as possible. Storage is slow, and users are expected to switch between apps constantly. It’s not uncommon for hundreds of apps to be loaded, including their state, at the same time. Apps that don’t fit into memory are saved to storage, but the most common apps and services are kept around.

Common files are also cached in memory for performance reasons. If you don’t have any RAM available, browsing files or photos would be terribly slow.

The GPU shares RAM on many devices, and that’ll take a significant chunk out of your system memory. Rendering 60 frames per second on a 1440p screen isn’t cheap, especially if you have ten different apps ready to render full screen at all times.

My phone has about 4½GB assigned to applications, the rest is cache. I’d say phones with less than 6GB of RAM would work, but not very smoothly.

The more RAM, the easier switching between apps becomes. Websites and apps have become huge, not only because of inefficiencies but also because of how huge the graphics they need to render have become, and the expectation that everything works with a smooth 60-90-120Hz all the time. Do you need 12GB? Hard for me to tell. I can tell that my phone’s 6GB struggles when Firefox is open while Youtube is playing and I need to switch to my password manager. It’ll hold out, but only just, one more app and Firefox gets unloaded. Then again, my password manager seems to be suffering from some kind of memory leak, because there’s no reason it would need this much RAM.

I don’t know what Macbook you have, but if someone is buying a laptop these days, I wouldn’t recommend getting anything with less than 16GB of RAM or an upgrade slot. Web browsers have become operating systems of their own and buying 8GB laptops now will make your device last less than five years, at least comfortably. I would personally advocate for 32GB or more if you’re planning on using your laptop for ten years, based on current trends.

Even still, many people can and do use phones the wag they did desktops ten years ago. It’s not surprise to me that phones have grown to have desktop class RAM specs. Many people don’t know about it, but you van hook up a Samsung phone to a monitor and have a fully featured desktop right there waiting for you in DeX, you just need a Bluetooth keyboard+mouse to control it. I bet my parents could use a phone as a desktop without ever running into any trouble, partially because of how much RAM those phones sport.

If all you need is basic browsing and social media, you can go with 6GB of RAM, or even less. As time goes on, your phone will start to struggle with the ever growing websites and apps, but it’ll keep doing what it always did, you just see a few more loading screens when switching between apps. Any €350 phone will do fine for most people these days, I don’t get why people spend three or four times that on a phone if all they do on it is browse social media.

[Question] Control and the DirectX 12 on the Steam Deck (lemmy.world)

Just to be clear, the game runs great with the DX11 on my Steam Deck Oled. The only downside is that i find out that you can actually enable HDR by following this guide and it works GREAT… until it doesn’t. The guide itself work with no issue but to enable the hdr option I have to run the game with DX12, and dx12 ( tested...

skullgiver, (edited )
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TL;DR: Shader recompilation sucks, but it’s inevitable; it’s how you can play DirectX games on Linux.

Shaders describe how to render stuff. The game feeds the GPU some shader code and a list of points, and shaders get used to turn those points into triangles, and those triangles get turned into filled shapes that are rendered to the screen. The triangles themselves are quite to translate back and forth (I’m pretty sure all you need to do is invert the Z-axis because Microsoft chose a different default coordinate system), but that’s not as easy with the shader code.

Linux, Windows, and various consoles can use Vulkan to do graphics; it’s basically an open DirectX alternative (it’s more complicated than that but let’s just pretend it is). Vulkan uses a completely different type of GPU code that will get translated to about the same code that ends up being executed, but the intermediate storage that the game interacts with is different.

This is where shader recompilation comes in: the DirectX shaders get intercepted when the game tries to run them, much like how requests to open and read files are intercepted and turned into Linux operations, and the code gets ripped apart, interpreted, and rebuilt into shaders that can be used by the Vulkan graphics code. The game doesn’t know this is happening because the recompilation makes it seem like the game is running on real DirectX.

Because this reinterpretation takes a bunch of processing power and halts the game if it doesn’t happen during a loading screen (which is the case in most modern games), the result of this recompilation gets saved to disk, assuming there’s space. Next time the game is trying to load the shaders that were already processed, it loads them from the SSD rather than doing the hard work again, basically making the translation instantaneously.

Fun fact: early versions of Elden Ring shipped with a bug that caused the shaders to get loaded over and over again in some cases, causing frame drops and slowdowns on Windows, but Linux players were barely affected because that stuff is basically the norm on DXVK and the runtime was already optimized for it.

This shader recompilation step happens on all kinds of GPU-code-to-GPU-code translation software (DXVK on Linux, but also on console emulators like Dolphin, and more). Steam fixes most of this problem by doing the recompilation on their side, storing the results, and having the Deck download the precompiled shader caches with games. That’s why there’s an extra download step for Steam games on Linux, and why games take up more space than on Windows. However, but you can’t use Steam’s DX11 shader caches with DX12, and I believe Steam only precompiles the DX11 caches.

A theoretical fix would be to download the shader caches from someone else who already went through the entire game with your patches applied. Unfortunately, sharing shader caches is not something I’ve seen outside of the Dolphin community. In some circumstances, you can tell the computer to generate all of these caches in bulk outside of the game so you can play smoothly, but I’m not sure if this is available in PC games.

I’m not sure what the patch changes exactly, so it’s hard to say what the exact problem is. Normally, recompiled shaders are cached on the file system so that they’ll be loaded instantly the next time they’re used, and the frame drop should only occur when you’re loading large new areas which requires loading new shader code. If you’re seeing slowdowns every time you go through previous areas, it could be that the modifications cause problems with the shader cache, in which case the shader recompilation needs to take place every time. If you only get slowdowns for new areas/enemies/objects/animations, then the system is probably Working As Intended and I don’t think there are any workarounds.

The only alternative to shader recompilation system would be Microsoft porting DirectX to Linux, but that’s never ever going to happen.

skullgiver, (edited )
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This is what you get when you let Google Translate (or Lens) translate an image.

This is the original (except someone added a useless red line):

https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/content_image_intermediate_filter/uploads/2021/06/01/60b5ce3cd53e0.jpeg

skullgiver, (edited )
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skullgiver,
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They clearly seemed to mean well. Maybe you can ask?

I imagine you may have lost your phone while it was still unlocked. It’s possible that there’s a Graphene lock screen bypass out there, but I doubt someone with such knowledge will use it to return your phone to you. Most “hacker” style lock screen bypass I imagine someone wanting to return the phone will do is checking for smudges on the PIN area of the lock screen and determining the code from that.

To combat someone unlocking your phone through smudges, you can enable PIN scrambling.

skullgiver,
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I don’t get why Mastodon servers feel the need to fully defederate from Threads. Silencing them is much better. It allows your users to follow Threads accounts without people who don’t know anyone on that side getting overwhelmed by the global timeline, as Threads is about twelve times bigger than the entire rest of the Fediverse combined.

Nobody is moving from Threads to Mastodon because mastodon.zip decided to defederate all you’re doing by blocking them is preventing the users with friends who use Threads from using your site correctly.

Of course some platforms, like Lemmy and Kbin, don’t support moderation features like silencing, it makes sense to fully defederate in those cases, but only because of technical restrictions, really.

skullgiver, (edited )
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skullgiver,
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Calling yourself “engineer” impresses more people and gets you higher wages.

skullgiver, (edited )
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skullgiver,
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Always fun to see people with limited understanding of ACLs struggle with filesystems that apply them. Look at this like a chance to learn!

Windows has a lot of features built in to prevent users (and malware) from breaking their system, such as the “system” and “read only” flags. I suppose explorer could’ve asked you to elevate, unset any flags, alter ownership, and delete anyway, but that’s doing a lot of work you don’t necessarily intend to do when you click “delete”.

Linux has this too; try the following:


<span style="color:#323232;">mkdir -p /tmp/test/deleteme;
</span><span style="color:#323232;">touch /tmp/test/deleteme/deleteme.txt;
</span><span style="color:#323232;">chattr +i /tmp/test/deleteme /tmp/test/deleteme/deleteme.txt
</span><span style="color:#323232;"># If you want to apply the "drive from different system" equivalence
</span><span style="color:#323232;">sudo chown -R 12345:12345 /tmp/test/deleteme
</span>

Now try deleting the folder /tmp/test/deleteme from your file explorer:

A screenshot of Gnome’s Nautilus telling the user that they do not have the necessary permissions to remove the folder “deleteme”

Frustrated, you may try to force the issue by forcefully removing the file through the terminal:


<span style="color:#323232;">user@box /tmp/test $ sudo rm -rf deleteme
</span><span style="color:#323232;">Place your finger on the fingerprint reader
</span><span style="color:#323232;">rm: cannot remove 'deleteme/deleteme.txt': Operation not permitted 
</span><span style="color:#323232;">user@box /tmp/test $
</span>

Alright, what if I…


<span style="color:#323232;">user@box /tmp/test $ sudo -i
</span><span style="color:#323232;">Place your finger on the fingerprint reader
</span><span style="color:#323232;">root@box ~ # cd /tmp/test
</span><span style="color:#323232;">root@box /tmp/test # rm -rf deleteme
</span><span style="color:#323232;">rm: cannot remove 'deleteme/deleteme.txt': Operation not permitted
</span><span style="color:#323232;">root@box /tmp/test # whoami
</span><span style="color:#323232;">root
</span><span style="color:#323232;">root@box /tmp/test # 
</span>

No dice! Even root can’t remove these files!

The only way to get rid of these files, is to set/unset the right flags:


<span style="color:#323232;">user@box /tmp/test $ chattr -i deleteme deleteme/deleteme.txt
</span><span style="color:#323232;">user@box /tmp/test $ rm -rf deleteme
</span>
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