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emdiplomacy

@emdiplomacy@hcommons.social

Handbook on Early Modern European Diplomacy
published at DeGruyter:
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110672008

editors: https://scholar.social/@dorotheegoetze & https://historians.social/@LenaOetzel

#earlymodern #diplomacy #Europe & pandas of course

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emdiplomacy, to random
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12 Helmer Helmers/Nina Lamal: Dutch Diplomacy in the Seventeenth Century: An Introduction

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110672008-012 (1/5)

emdiplomacy,
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Here we go again! It is our great pleasure to introduce to you two of our wonderful authors: @helmer and @NinaLamal both of them very well know to the -community .They are both part of the print team at the Dutch Academy of Sciences, with Helmers being the project leader. Here they are looking for the role of the public and especially the importance of print for diplomacy. Both published extensively on and on Dutch political culture, e.g., Helmers's article on public diplomacy in the Republic.

https://doi.org/10.1080/0268117X.2021.1924988

Lamall co-edited a special issue in The Seventeenth Century Journal on public and cultural diplomacy in Europe together with Klaas van Gelder

https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rsev20/36/3. (2/5)


@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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So who would be better to write the article on the development of than these two!?! This is a particular challenge, not only because there’s an astonishing lack of overviews on Dutch diplomacy, but also because Dutch diplomacy held a peculiar position in international relations. Being a young republic its rise within the international system seems astounding, while at the same time giving the Dutch a special status, being a republic among all these monarchies. The federal nature of the Dutch republic was not only irritating to foreign monarchical powers, but also complicated the organisation of , a topic that is far too often ignored by modern research, though @helmer and @NinaLamal stress its importance for Dutch . (3/5)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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One central problem that resulted from the federal nature of the republic was secrecy: How could one keep a secret with so many actors involved? This was almost a mission impossible, although one tried several measures such as an oath of secrecy to deal with the problem.

When dealing with Dutch you inevitably come across two other big issues: the Protestant character of Dutch and the importance of trade and commercial interests. For @helmers_h and @NinaLamal these are not contradictory interests. However, they argue that “commerce, geopolitics, and protestantism were perfectly reconcilable”. (4/5)

@helmer @NinaLamal
@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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Finally, @helmer and @NinaLamal argue that it is important to analyse #Dutch #emdiplomacy not only in its European context, but in its global dimension. The East India Company (#VOC) and its growing importance in #Asia played an important role in the rise of the Dutch republic. Unfortunately, both dimesions – the European and the global one – are far too often dealt seperately with by modern research. A problem that is generally true for research on #earlymodern diplomacy.

This leads to an overarching problem of how to competently connect national, European and global perspectives on diplomacy without blurring the focus. A question to be discussed elsewhere. (5/5)

#history #NewDiplomaticHistory #histodons

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy, to history
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11 Spanish and Portuguese Diplomacy in Early Modern Europe (1/n)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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Today do not only want to welcome a new month and a new week but also a new author: Diana Cario-Ivernizzi who is a senior lecuterer in Art History at Universidad Nacional de la Educacíon a Distancia (UNED). Her research specialises in the connection between and culture on which she has published widely.

https://www.uned.es/universidad/docentes/geografia-historia/diana-carrio-invernizzi.html

For the she takes a different approach and describes the devolpment of in and . (2/n)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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Diana Cario-Invernizzi points out that the term Spanish #emdiplomacy is an umbrella term that includes three different types of #diplomacy:

  1. It applies to the diplomacy carried out in the name of the Spanish crown to conduct conquest in the non-European world.

  2. It includes intra-Spanish diplomacy which is characterised by #envoys sent from various territories of the Spanish realm to meet the king.

  3. Last but not least, there is outbound diplomacy which the Spanish crown conducted with other princes and polities in Europe. (3/n)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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According to Cario-Invernizzi the fact the Iberian kingsdoms were the first European realms to connect with the rest of the world on a grand scale, gave their diplomatic policies a unique character.

Diplomatic relations with Africa and Asia required constant negotiations, and even required tributes to be paid to guarantee the security of Europe’s presence in the area.

Distance was a significant factor in Iberian . Therefore, agents were sometimes sent to cover shorter distances. Moreover, diplomatic encounters in Eurasia did not take place between entire societies but rather between segments of societies or subcultures.

This fact suggests the existence of a cross-sectional diplomatic language between European and Asian societies. (4/n)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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The most important group of to Madrid were the French ambassador, the Imperial ambassador to the Empire, the nuncio, and the Venetian ambassador.

Madrid did not have a diplomatic district. Diplomatic did enjoy immunity in the , with the king himself offering them lodgings for rent upon their arrival. Nevertheless, the ambassadors complained of the difficulties in gaining an audience with the ruler.

Following the union of the Portuguese and Spanish crowns in 1580, a global dimension of Spanish was developed which enhanced the reputation of the Spanish kings. (5/n)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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According to Cario-Ivernizzi Spanish historiography continues to suffer from a lack of discourse surrounding its cultural history in general and with literary studies in particular, this is also reflected in new diplomatic .

However, historians specialised in Spanish continue to take steps forward in the field, not only with regard to the exchange of gifts but also gradually incorporating the analytical category of gender.

The career paths of Spanish & Portguese have gained more attention in research only recently.

By placing more of a focus on integrating the activities of both official ambassadors and informal agents into diplomatic studies in the future, we will be able to obtain a more complete understanding of Spanish and European diplomacy in the era. (6/6)

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy, to history
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10 Jean-Claude Waquet: Continuous Change, Final Discontinuities: the Development of French Diplomacy (1/6)

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110672008-010

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

Today we want to introduce the next author of the : Jean-Claude Waquet. He is Directeur d’études émérite, Section des sciences historiques et philologiques, at the École pratique des hautes études. He published extensively on , e.g. François de Callières. L’art de négocier en France sous Louis XIV.
So who could be better to talk about the development of . (2/6)

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

He argues that continuously changed over the centuries, which can be seen as a sign of modernisation.
While was originally regarded as part of a more general service to the king, it slowly developed into a more specialised field of activity. From this the need to a much more profecient education of arose. (3/6)

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

However, these changes were not introduced against, but within the existing system, often by those in charge. Therefore, elements of a more professionalised system co-existed with patronage relations. Waquet argues that we should speak of “a gradual internal transformation rather than of a permanent conflict between old and new”. (4/6)

emdiplomacy, to history
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The , aka the Big Pink Book, finally found its way to its wonderful authors. So we asked them to sent us pictures of its new home.
Under we take you on a journey to all the places where research takes places.
If you spot the handbook in the wild, please post pictures, too! (1x)

@earlymodern @historikerinnen @histodons

emdiplomacy,
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@earlymodern @historikerinnen @histodons

From Sweden the travels to Norway, to the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs.

Picture by Halvard Leira

@earlymodern @historikerinnen @histodons

emdiplomacy, to history
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was a multilingual affair. An who could speak several languages had a clear advantage - not the least because he could thereby show equal respect to different parties, as this example by @dbellingradt shows. (1/2)


@earlymodern @historikerinnen @histodons

https://historians.social/@dbellingradt/112330521983176515

emdiplomacy,
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@dbellingradt @earlymodern @historikerinnen @histodons

If you want to know more about languages and , have a look at the article by Sophie Holm. (https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110672008-032) (2/2)

emdiplomacy, to history
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9 John Condren/Loek Luiten: City-States, Principalities and All That: The Diversity of Italian Diplomacy (c. 1400–c. 1800) (1/10)

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110672008-009

@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

In general, there were a number of very different actors involved in : Mercenaries, merchants, mendicant friars, notaries, and bishops. They all had their different ways of doing and it was a slow process of merging these different traditions that took place during the 15th century. (7/11)

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

In a second step, Condren and Luiten discuss how the different Italian diplomatic actors were integrated in the developing European diplomatic system from the 16th century up to the Napoleonic Wars. As their role and their political status changed over time, they had to adapt their practices. (8/11)

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

Historiography has traditionally looked at Italian from the 16th century onwards from the perspective of the great European powers, especially France and the Habsburgs, and how they tried to realize their geopolitical interests on the Italian peninsula. However, it is important to realize that from an Italian perspective the different Italian princes and republics not only needed to maintain their interests within the bigger picture of , but they also needed to exchange diplomats among themselves. (9/11)

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

Studying Italian is so rich of case studies that we could have several separate articles – and we indeed have a special article on papal diplomacy. (10/11)

https://hcommons.social/@emdiplomacy/112282172305903370

emdiplomacy,
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@historikerinnen @histodons @earlymodern

Moreover, Italian allows us to study so many different things in a nutshell: the development of diplomatic practices and the merging of different traditions, the connection between and state building, the role and agency of political entities of different status and how they tried to maintain their position within the power struggle of the great European powers. (11/11)

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