bp, Rambam at the end of Hilchos Talmud Torah rules that a talmid chacham is not allowed to forgo his honour when it is challenged in public - he must pronounce "nidui" (a harsh punishment) on the one who belittled him, because his honour is the honour of the Torah.
https://www.sefaria.org.il/Mishneh_Torah%2C_Torah_Study.7.13?lang=he&with=all&lang2=he
Now, what would Rambam rule in a case where the belittler - for whatever reason - was unable to control his speech, and involuntarily blurtted out an insult?