I order a tuna salad sandwich or a tuna sandwich, but I grew up hearing tuna fish… specifically in reference to the stuff that came in a can.
Both were equally common years ago but over time, “tuna” sans fish has won out… likely because fresh, non canned tuna is very common.
I read an article a while ago that theorized the reason for Americans calling it “tuna fish” was that it rose to prominence as a canned staple good in the 1940s, and many Americans who didn’t live on the coasts had never heard of tuna before. Its light meat, when canned and cooked, was very mild and chicken-y compared with the heavily salted, oily canned fish folks were familiar with, hence both “chicken of the sea” and the precaution of labeling the can with not only tuna, but “fish”.
I think an alternate explanation is probably more likely… the 1919 Oxford English Dictionary describes “Tuna” as an alternative spelling of “tunny”, the old name for the fish (still used in a culinary sense in Britain) … not coincidentally:
Californians would also have been familiar with the other tuna… tuna fruit, the prickly pear.
Possessed of both a fruit and a fish of the same name, distinguishing one from the other when canning fish seems reasonable
The largest canneries of tuna (e.g., the one that ultimately became Chicken of the Sea) were all based in California.
Id never order a tuna fish sandwich but I’d make them. I’m from pnw USA. When I say tuna sandwich I feel like it would be different than something out of a can. Tuna salad probably makes more sense but ive never had any confusion when saying tuna fish. Doing some googling, “tuna” is also Spanish for “prickly pear”. So tuna could be used to describe a cactus fruit. In Cali there is a restaurant called “La tuna canyon”. Not cause of the fish.
Yeah, I did a bit of poking around, check this out. Till the tuna canneries started showing up in the early 1900s in California, “tuna” was just as likely to prefix “cactus” as “fish”.
There is, yes … that’s the main Spanish name for prickly pear.
Up until around 1907, your odds of encountering the fruit by the name “tuna” were about the same as the fish, when the first commercial canneries started to pop up in California… hence, a habit of clarifying between the two that stuck, even though most folks outside of the southwest had never heard of a tuna cactus.
Fascinating. I’ll add a slight addition of info that prickly pears are actually present in the Midwestern and eastern parts of the US. Saw them growing in the wild at the Indiana Dunes national park last year. Very weird to see cacti that far north, but there they were.
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