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Project Gutenberg, founded in 1971, is the oldest producer and distributor of free ebooks.

According to Michael Hart (March 8, 1947 – September 6, 2011), founder of Project Gutenberg, the mission of Project Gutenberg is simple: to encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks.
This mission is, as much as possible, to encourage all those who are interested in making eBooks and helping to give them away.

This profile is from a federated server and may be incomplete. Browse more on the original instance.

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American artist and fiction writer Robert W. Chambers was born #OTD in 1865.

Chambers is best known for his weird fiction and horror stories, particularly "The King in Yellow," a collection of short stories published in 1895. He wrote numerous other novels and short stories across various genres including "The Maker of Moons" (1896), "The Mystery of Choice" (1897), and "The Tracer of Lost Persons" (1906).

Books by Robert W. Chambers at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/38191

#books #literature

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"Along the shore the cloud waves break,
The twin suns sink behind the lake,
The shadows lengthen
In Carcosa.
...
Song of my soul, my voice is dead;
Die thou, unsung, as tears unshed
Shall dry and die in
Lost Carcosa."

Cassilda's Song in "The King in Yellow," Act i, Scene 2.

~Robert William Chambers (May 26, 1865 – December 16, 1933)

#books #literature

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French mathematician Abraham de Moivre was born in 1667.

He is best known for de Moivre's theorem, which links complex numbers and trigonometry, and for his work in the development of analytic geometry and the theory of equations. He published "The Doctrine of Chances" (1718) where he developed a formula for the normal approximation to the binomial distribution, now known as the de Moivre-Laplace theorem.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Moivre%27s_formula

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Moivre%E2%80%93Laplace_theorem

The doctrine of chances: or, a method of calculating the probabilities of events in play, by A. de Moivre .... - London : printed for A. Millar, in the Strand, 1761. - [4], xi, [1], 348 p. ; 4º .

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Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman was born #OTD in 1865.

In 1896, while studying the effect of magnetic fields on the light emitted by a sodium flame, Zeeman observed that the spectral lines of the light split into multiple components in the presence of a magnetic field- the Zeeman effect.

In 1902, Pieter Zeeman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with Hendrik Lorentz, for the discovery of the Zeeman effect and its theoretical explanation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman_effect

#science #physics

INTERIOR OF THE PHYSICAL LABORATORY AT PASADENA Showing slit end of vertical spectrograph and magnet used in study of Zeeman effect. Electric arcs, electric furnaces, pressure pumps, and electro-magnets are available for spectroscopic studies. via @interarchive https://archive.org/details/reviewofreviewsw42newy/page/202/mode/1up?view=theater

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Spanish dramatis, writer and poet Pedro Calderón de la Barca died in 1681.

His plays have been divided thematically: religious comedies (La devoción de la cruz), historical-legendary (El sitio de Breda), comedies of intrigue (Casa con dos puertas, mala es de guardar), comedies of honor (El médico de su honra), philosophical (El gran teatro del mundo), mythological (Eco y Narciso) and sacramental acts (A Dios por razón de estado).

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/970

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«¿Qué es la vida? Un frenesí.
¿Qué es la vida? Una ilusión,
una sombra, una ficción;
y el mayor bien es pequeño;
que toda la vida es sueño,
y los sueños, sueños son».

"What is life? A madness.
What is life? An illusion,
a shadow, a story.
And the greatest good is little enough:
for all life is a dream,
and dreams themselves are only dreams."

La vida es sueño (1635)

~Pedro Calderón de la Barca (17 January 1600 – 25 May 1681)

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@rwxrwxrwx thank you very much! Already fixed it…

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English writer and politician Edward George Earle Bulwer-Lytton was born in 1803.

He published Falkland in 1827: its intimate portrayal of pre-Victorian dandyism kept gossips busy trying to associate public figures with characters in the book. The character of Richard Crawford in The Disowned, also published in 1828, borrowed much from that of banker and forger Henry Fauntleroy, who was hanged in London in 1824.

Edward Bulwer-Lytton at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/761

Title page of Paul Clifford by Edward Bulwer-Lytton Paul Clifford is a novel published in 1830 by English author Edward Bulwer-Lytton. It tells the life of Paul Clifford, a man who leads a dual life as both a criminal and an upscale gentleman. The book was successful upon its release. It is best known for its opening phrase "It was a dark and stormy night...", which helped inspire the Bulwer-Lytton Fiction Contest.

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Dutch physician, mathematician, cartographer Gemma Frisius was born #OTD in 1555.

He created important globes, improved the mathematical instruments of his day and applied mathematics in new ways to surveying and navigation. Gemma's rings, an astronomical instrument, are named after him. He observed the total lunar eclipse of 3 Mar 1569 and he also discovered the 1572 supernova in Cassiopeia on 9 Nov, which he observed two days before Tycho Brahe.

#science #cartography #astronomy

Images of the terrestrial globe of Gemma Frisius 1536 held by the Austrian National Library on behalf of the Rudolf Schmidt collection, Vienna.

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English novelist Henry Kingsley died in 1876.

He achieved considerable popularity with his Recollections of Geoffrey Hamlyn (1859), a novel of Australian life. This was the first of a series of novels of which Ravenshoe (1861) & The Hillyars and The Burtons (1865) are the best known. He edited for eighteen months the Edinburgh Daily Review, for which he had acted as war correspondent during the Franco-German War.

Books by Henry Kingsley at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/1304

Title page of Ravenshoe by Henry Kingsley

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What Scotsman was caught up in a civil war before the age of twenty? Wrote a book that became the inspiration for an Oscar-winning film? Met a runaway teenager in Paris and married her against the wishes of his family? Lost his ranch to raiding Apaches?

Buckle up – it’s going to be a long, wild #Scottish #literature 🧵 …

1/18

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@scotlit Thanks for sharing!

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Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit physicist, inventor and scientific instrument maker was born in 1686.

He created the temperature scale that bears his name in 1724. He set the zero point of his scale at the temperature of a mixture of ice, water, and ammonium chloride, a freezing brine solution. He established 32°F as the freezing point of water and 212°F as the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure. He also invented the mercury-in-glass thermometer.

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@Urban_Hermit I found his original paper (in Latin) here:

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstl.1724.0016

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in 1930.

Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Northern Territory, becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).

She flew in the Second World War as a part of the Air Transport Auxiliary and disappeared during a ferry flight. The cause of her death has been a subject of discussion over many years.

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German mineralogist and physicist Franz Ernst Neumann died in 1895.

Neumann made significant advances in the mathematical understanding of crystal structures & their physical properties. His work laid the groundwork for the field of crystallography. He also developed the concept of the piezoelectric effect in crystals.In 1831, he established the Neumann's Law: the molecular heat of a compound is equal to the sum of the atomic heats of its constituents.

Frontispiece of "Vorlesungen über theoretische Optik", 1885 By Franz Ernst Neumann

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King Lear Had a Happy Ending for 140 Years

People have always rewritten Shakespeare’s plays—let's discuss the fascinating history of adapting and altering the Bard's immortal verse... via @tordotcom

BY CHARLIE JANE ANDERS

https://reactormag.com/king-lear-had-a-happy-ending-for-140-years/?utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Lit%20Hub%20Daily:%20May%2023%2C%202024&utm_term=lithub_master_list

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American journalist, editor, critic, translator, and women's rights advocate associated with the American transcendentalism movement Margaret Fuller was born in 1810.

She was the first American female war correspondent and full-time book reviewer in journalism. Her book Woman in the Nineteenth Century is considered the first major feminist work in the United States.

Books by Margaret Fuller at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/2829

Title page for Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845) by Margaret Fuller

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"The pencil moved prophetic: together now men read
In the fair book of nature, and find the hope they need.
The wreath woven by the river is by the seaside worn,
And one of fate's best arrows to its due mark is borne."

Life Without and Life Within (1859) - Prophecy and Fulfilment

~Margaret Fuller (23 May 1810 – 19 June 1850)

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"The spirit of truth and the spirit of freedom — these are the pillars of society."
The Pillars of Society

Norwegian Dramatist & Poet Henrik Ibsen died in 1906.

Ibsen is renowned for his pioneering work in realism, a movement in theater that sought to depict everyday life & societal issues with honesty and accuracy. He moved away from the romanticized and melodramatic styles that dominated the 19th century.

Books by Henrik Ibsen at PG
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/861

Title page of a 1936 edition of the play Peer Gynt by Henrik Ibsen, illustrated by Arthur Rackham.

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Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus was born in 1707.

Linnaeus introduced the two-part system of naming organisms - binomial nomenclature - where each species is given a genus name followed by a species name. This system brought consistency and clarity to the naming of organisms. His work laid the foundation for the biological classification system by categorizing living organisms into hierarchical groups based on shared characteristics.

Linné at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/9516

Title page of the 10th edition of Systema naturæ written by Carl Linnæus, published in 1758 by L. Salvius in Stockholm. Digitized in 2004 from an original copy of the 1758 edition held by Göttingen State and University Library

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British writer and physician Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859.

Doyle was a prolific writer; other than Holmes stories, his works include fantasy and science fiction stories about Professor Challenger, and humorous stories about the Napoleonic soldier Brigadier Gerard, as well as plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction, and historical novels.

Books by Arthur Conan Doyle at PG:
https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/69

Book cover of The case-book of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle

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"It is an old maxim of mine that when you have excluded the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (1892)

~Arthur Conan Doyle (May 22 1859 – July 7 1930)

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