#CMSpaper 1236: Question: How often does the actually LHC collide? The LHC intensity we call "luminosity". The @CMSexperiment has fancy detectors to check that. But there are also particles for which we can calculate their production rate so accurately that we can use them to calibrate the luminosity. This paper uses the production of the Z boson to measure the luminosity. The figure shows how well we measure the Z boson rate over time https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.01008
