remixtures

remixtures, 11 hours ago to ip Portuguese

#Copyright #IP #CircularEconomy #Upcycling #Environment #Sustainability #HumanRights: "As the environmental crisis escalates due to overproduction and overconsumption, there is an increasing recognition of the urgent need for environmental consciousness and a shift towards a sustainable, circular economy (see, in the intellectual property context, Pihlajarinne & Ballardini (2020), Senftleben (2023), Calboli (2024)). Upcycling, notably, which involves reworking old items or their parts into new ones, has emerged as a tangible effort to address the negative impacts of this crisis. However, copyright protection may unexpectedly clash with this sustainable practice, as certain upcycled items could include copyrighted prints, ornaments, or design patterns from the original materials, such as new clothing items made out of old bed sheets, curtains, or tablecloths, or jewellery made from broken porcelain."
https://copyrightblog.kluweriplaw.com/2024/05/30/copyright-upcycling-and-the-human-right-to-environmental-protection/

remixtures, 11 hours ago to Bulgaria Portuguese

#EU #ECB #Banks #ClimateChange #ClimateRisks: "The European Central Bank is set to take the unprecedented step of imposing fines on several lenders for their protracted failure to address the impact of climate change.

As many as four lenders face penalties after not meeting deadlines set by the ECB for assessing their exposure to climate risks, according to people familiar with the matter. The amounts aren’t final yet and may be largely symbolic, the people said, who asked not to be named as the move isn’t public.

A spokeswoman for the ECB, which directly oversees more than 100 banks, declined to comment.

The imposition of fines still marks an unusually harsh step toward forcing banks to comply with the ECB’s views on how they should manage climate risks. The move comes after years of pressure, with former banking supervision head Andrea Enria stating in a September interview with Bloomberg that the ECB would resort to such sanctions as an alternative to higher capital requirements."

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-05-29/ecb-to-impose-first-ever-fines-on-banks-for-climate-failures

remixtures, 12 hours ago to environment Portuguese

#Environment #Ecology #Waste #SupplyChains: "Material World is one of a spate of recent books that aim to reconnect readers with the physical reality that underpins the global economy. Conway’s mission is shared by Wasteland: The Secret World of Waste and the Urgent Search for a Cleaner Future, by Oliver Franklin-Wallis, and Cobalt Red: How the Blood of the Congo Powers Our Lives, by Siddharth Kara. Each one fills in dark secrets about the places, processes, and lived realities that make the economy tick.

Conway aims to disprove “perhaps the most dangerous of all the myths” that guide our lives today: “the idea that we humans are weaning ourselves off physical materials.” It is easy to convince ourselves that we now live in a dematerialized “ethereal world,” he says, ruled by digital startups, artificial intelligence, and financial services. Yet there is little evidence that we have decoupled our economy from its churning hunger for resources. “For every ton of fossil fuels,” he writes, “we exploit six tons of other materials—mostly sand and stone, but also metals, salts, and chemicals. Even as we citizens of the ethereal world pare back our consumption of fossil fuels, we have redoubled our consumption of everything else. But, somehow, we have deluded ourselves into believing precisely the opposite.”"

https://www.technologyreview.com/2024/04/24/1091137/quartz-cobalt-book-reviews-ed-conway-oliver-franklin-wallis-siddharth-kara/

remixtures, 12 hours ago to Canada Portuguese

#Canada #Cybersecurity #Encryption #Backdoors #5G #Privacy: "Bill C-26 empowers government officials to secretly order telecommunications companies to install backdoors inside encrypted elements in Canada’s networks. This could include requiring telcos to alter the 5G encryption standards that protect mobile communications to facilitate government surveillance.

The government’s decision to push the proposed law forward without amending it to remove this encryption-breaking capability has set off alarm bells that these new powers are a feature, not a bug.

There are already many insecurities in today’s networks, reaching down to the infrastructure layers of communication technology. The Signalling System No. 7, developed in 1975 to route phone calls, has become a major source of insecurity for cellphones. In 2017, the CBC demonstrated how hackers only needed a Canadian MP’s cell number to intercept his movements, text messages and phone calls. Little has changed since: A 2023 Citizen Lab report details pervasive vulnerabilities at the heart of the world’s mobile networks.

So it makes no sense that the Canadian government would itself seek the ability to create more holes, rather than patching them. Yet it is pushing for potential new powers that would infect next-generation cybersecurity tools with old diseases."

https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-ottawa-wants-the-power-to-create-secret-backdoors-in-our-networks-to

remixtures, 12 hours ago to ai Portuguese

RT @the_info_labs
🔥 𝗡𝗲𝘄 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁 𝗼𝗻 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗔𝗜 𝗯𝘆 𝘁𝗵𝗲 @royalsociety
🔎 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘬𝘦𝘺 𝘲𝘶𝘦𝘴𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴
⏹️ How are AI-driven technologies transforming the methods and nature of scientific research?
⏹️ What are the opportunities, limitations, and risks of these technologies for scientific research?
⏹️ How can stakeholders best support the development, adoption, and uses of AI-driven technologies in scientific research?

💡 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘮𝘦𝘯𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴
⏹️To avoid knowledge siloes, actions need to go beyond facilitating access (to computing resources, high quality datasets, AI tools and relevant expertise), and focus on enhancing capabilities to collaborate, co-design and use AI across different scientific fields and research environment.
⏹️ Open science principles and practices offer a clear pathway to improve challenging elements in AI-based scientific projects such as transparency, reproducibility, and public scrutiny.
⏹️ Ethical and safety considerations need to be centred in AI’s design and implementation. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration and building scientists’ capacity to anticipate risk and provide oversight that minimises potential harms.

🔗 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘳𝘦𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 & 𝘢𝘥𝘥𝘪𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘢𝘭 𝘳𝘦𝘴𝘰𝘶𝘳𝘤𝘦𝘴:
https://royalsociety.org/news-resources/projects/science-in-the-age-of-ai/

📺 𝘈 𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘰 𝘦𝘹𝘱𝘭𝘢𝘪𝘯𝘦𝘳: Hear more from the Chair of the report’s working group and Vice President of the Royal Society Professor Alison Noble CBE FREng FRS https://youtu.be/o7Y9Jhz0WYA

#AI #ScientificResearch #innovation #FutureOfScience

remixtures, 12 hours ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #ContentModeration #LLMs #AIRegulation: "Drawing on the extensive history of study of the terms and conditions (T&C) and privacy policies of social media companies, this paper reports the results of pilot empirical work conducted in January-March 2023, in which T&C were mapped across a representative sample of generative AI providers as well as some downstream deployers. Our study looked at providers of multiple modes of output (text, image, etc), small and large sizes, and varying countries of origin. Although the study looked at terms relating to a wide range of issues including content restrictions and moderation, dispute resolution and consumer liability, the focus here is on copyright and data protection. Our early findings indicate the emergence of a “platformisation paradigm”, in which providers of generative AI attempt to position themselves as neutral intermediaries similarly to search and social media platforms, but without the governance increasingly imposed on these actors, and in contradistinction to their function as content generators rather than mere hosts for third party content. This study concludes that in light of these findings, new laws being drafted to rein in the power of “big tech” must be reconsidered carefully, if the imbalance of power between users and platforms in the social media era, only now being combatted, is not to be repeated via the private ordering of the providers of generative AI."

https://www.create.ac.uk/blog/2024/05/29/new-working-paper-private-ordering-and-generative-ai-what-can-we-learn-from-model-terms-and-conditions/

remixtures, 12 hours ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #LLMs #DataCenters #BigTech #Energy #WaterScarcity #FossilFuels #ClimateChange: "Large language models such as ChatGPT are some of the most energy-guzzling technologies of all. Research suggests, for instance, that about 700,000 litres of water could have been used to cool the machines that trained ChatGPT-3 at Microsoft’s data facilities. It is hardly news that the tech bubble’s self-glorification has obscured the uglier sides of this industry, from its proclivity for tax avoidance to its invasion of privacy and exploitation of our attention span. The industry’s environmental impact is a key issue, yet the companies that produce such models have stayed remarkably quiet about the amount of energy they consume – probably because they don’t want to spark our concern.

Google’s global datacentre and Meta’s ambitious plans for a new AI Research SuperCluster (RSC) further underscore the industry’s energy-intensive nature, raising concerns that these facilities could significantly increase energy consumption. Additionally, as these companies aim to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels, they may opt to base their datacentres in regions with cheaper electricity, such as the southern US, potentially exacerbating water consumption issues in drier parts of the world. Before making big announcements, tech companies should be transparent about the resource use required for their expansion plans."

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/may/30/ugly-truth-ai-chatgpt-guzzling-resources-environment?CMP=fb_a-technology_b-gdntech

remixtures, 12 hours ago to random Portuguese

#InformationAccess #PublicGoods #Democracy #Libraries: "Democracy means public, open spaces where civic workers are there to help members of the public navigate to and make sense of information that they need. Democracy means connected communities where people work with one another to understand the world around themselves. A search engine can be a useful tool, but Google's irrelationality goes back at least to their conception of their mission as "organiz[ing] the world's information and mak[ing] it universally accessible and useful." As Hoffmann and Bloom convincingly argue, the very framing of that goal as something that can be achieved by one company, with impersonal technology, is inconsistent with meaningful access for many (most?) of the people in the world.

So, as we look for ways to repair our information ecosystem in the wake of the depredations of the current AI hype-driven deluge of synthetic media, a key step should be shoring up support for library systems and learning from the practices, traditions, and current research of librarians and library and information scientists."

https://buttondown.email/maiht3k/archive/information-access-as-a-public-good/

remixtures, 12 hours ago to random Portuguese

RT @kimmonismus
As expected:

"OpenAI appears to have closed its deal with Apple.

Apple held talks with both Google and OpenAI about integrating their chatbots into iOS 18, according to Bloomberg, but it looks like OpenAI won out. The pair plan to announce the news at Apple’s developer conference, WWDC.

The Information confirmed, per a source, that the deal has been secured, adding that Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella is concerned about how it could conflict with their partnership."
https://theverge.com/2024/5/29/24167511/openai-appears-to-have-closed-its-deal-with-apple

remixtures, 12 hours ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #AIHype #GeoPolitics: "A popular view of generative AI is that it’s unjustifiably expensive, chronically wasteful, rarely useful, and is being foisted on the general public for ideological reasons even though it makes the services they rely on worse. Governments are sure to be all over it.

https://www.ft.com/content/a60c3c7b-1c48-485d-adb7-5bc2b7b1b650

remixtures, 21 hours ago to TechnicalWriting Portuguese

#TechnicalWriting #Docs #SoftwareDocumentation: “Tech writing isn’t going anywhere, but it might change its name soo

Tech writing is unlikely to disappear. The sector where we’ve seen the biggest growth in recent years is computing: writers have always been present in software and hardware companies since the 60s. But even in highly regulated sectors, such as aviation, manufacturing, and pharmaceutics, docs are a necessity for legal and compliance reasons. You could call those the bastions of our craft.

The pace of change in tech is increasing, though, in no small part due to the advent of large language models and an increased emphasis on automation. Better UX also means that user docs are seen as less necessary, with docs priorities shifting towards more technical products that often require development skills. “How can I transition to dev docs?”, a fellow writer asked me the other day.“

https://passo.uno/posts/technical-writing-is-not-a-dead-end-job/

remixtures, 1 day ago to Bulgaria Portuguese

#NoFuture #EU #Europe #FarRight: "Experts say the growing tendency of young people to drift to far-right parties is pronounced across Europe — but they stress that such people are still the minority.

Young people are still more likely to vote for progressive parties, says history professor Forti. “Most of them are accepting of things like immigration, feminism, gay rights,” he says. “We shouldn’t suggest that they are mostly voting for the far right.”

But it’s clear the populists exert an appeal — especially hardline conservatives like the AfD, with its vision of a 1950s golden era of political stability, traditional families and ethnic homogeneity.

“The AfD says Germany is going to the dogs and they will bring back the previous state of affairs,” says Jannis Koltermann, a 31-year-old journalist with the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung who has written about the young generation’s shift to the right. “It’s like: if you no longer expect anything from the future, why not elect people who promise a return to a better past?”"

https://www.ft.com/content/e77e1863-5a78-4d16-933c-6a665a66f261?emailId=d78436b6-99e8-4321-abb3-51060c0510b6&segmentId=488e9a50-190e-700c-cc1c-6a339da99cab

remixtures, 1 day ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #AITraining #BigTech #Journalism #Media #News: "Large publishers are forging ahead with voluntary agreements in the absence of legal regulatory clarity. But this leaves out smaller and local publishers and could undermine efforts to develop business model alternatives as opposed to one-off licensing opportunities.

Ad hoc approaches, however, risk worsening the compounding crises caused by the decline of local news and the scourge of disinformation. We are already seeing the proliferation of election related disinformation in the U.S. and around the world, from AI robocalls impersonating President Joe Biden to deepfakes of Moldovan candidates making false claims about alignment with Russia.

Renegotiating the relationship between tech platforms and the news industry must be a fundamental part of the efforts to support journalism and help news organizations adapt to the generative AI era."

https://niemanreports.org/articles/the-battle-over-using-journalism-to-build-ai-models-is-just-starting/

remixtures, 1 day ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #Automation #Productivity #Economy: "In the 1980s, the most prominent view was that unionized firms had less incentive to invest in innovation and new technologies. Because unions would ensure that workers received most of the benefits, the thinking went, investors had little incentive to spend on R&D. But there are several other ways of thinking about this says John Van Reenen, an economist at the London School of Economics.

Firms that make good use of new technologies usually pay more because they’re more productive and profitable. Van Reenen says that, under the right circumstances, unions can help ensure that workers have the power to claim some share of those profits in the form of higher wages. In one paper, he quotes John Hodge, former head of the U.S. Smelters, who once said, “We won’t work against the machine if we get a fair share of the plunder.”

Input from workers — which unions often facilitate — can also steer companies toward more productive (and worker-friendly) uses of AI. “There is an emerging view that bottom-up innovation is going to be the best way to figure out the best uses of AI,” says Kinder. “So there is a business case for keeping employees in the loop.”

And worker input can guard against a phenomenon that MIT’s Acemoglu has warned about in his research and in a recent book: “so-so technology.” The idea is that companies sometimes automate just enough to replace workers, but without creating big improvements in productivity. Acemoglu uses the example of self-checkout kiosks: They work well enough to take work away from cashiers, but not so well that they provide a major boost to the economy that could fuel demand elsewhere."

https://hbr.org/2024/05/ai-is-making-economists-rethink-the-story-of-automation?tpcc=orgsocial_edit&utm_campaign=hbr&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter

remixtures, 1 day ago to random Portuguese

"Two days after the ICC announcement, on 22 May, Spain, Ireland and Norway recognised Palestine as a state – the only European governments to have done so other than Sweden. Their timing was clearly related to Israel’s conduct in Gaza. If there is one thing that Netanyahu hates more than Hamas, it is the prospect of a Palestinian state. That is why, until 7 October, he allowed Qatar to fund Hamas, calculating that a strong Hamas would relieve Israel of pressure to negotiate his dreaded two-state solution. Now, he refuses to plan for post-war governance of Gaza, even though the resulting vacuum makes Hamas’s return more likely, because he fears more the emergence of a prototype Palestinian state. If the Israeli government continues to ignore the ICJ ruling, more governments can be expected to recognise Palestine as a state.

In short, it is a mistake to discount the court’s ruling as ambiguous and difficult to enforce. If, despite the ruling, Israel proceeds with its invasion of Rafah, as the 26 May attack suggests it is, the consequences may be difficult for Netanyahu to ignore."

https://www.newstatesman.com/world/middle-east/2024/05/what-will-stop-israel-in-rafah

remixtures, 1 day ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #OpenAI: "ChatGPT creator OpenAI is training a powerful new model to fuel its chatbot and image generation tools, the company said Tuesday. It is also launching a new committee focused on safety, following scrutiny over its safety efforts and several high-profile resignations.

The moves follow a controversy earlier this month in which OpenAI suspended a voice chatbot after actress Scarlett Johansson accused the company of copying her AI voice character from the movie Her.

OpenAI said the next model will “bring us to the next level of capabilities on our path to AGI,” which refers to artificial general intelligence — AI systems that could eventually match or surpass human capabilities."

https://www.semafor.com/article/05/28/2024/openai-forms-safety-council-led-by-sam-altman-and-trains-gpt-4-successor

remixtures, 2 days ago to random Portuguese

#Israel #Palestine #Hamas #Gaza #Genocide #HumanRights #InternationalLaw: "As early as October 9 top Israeli officials declared that they intended to block the delivery of food, water, and electricity, which is essential for purifying water and cooking. Defense Minister Yoav Gallant’s words have become infamous: (...) The statement conveyed the view that has seemed to guide Israel’s approach throughout the conflict: that Gazans are collectively complicit for Hamas’s crimes on October 7.

Since then Israel has restricted the number of vehicles allowed to enter Gaza, reduced the number of entry points, and conducted time-consuming and onerous inspections; destroyed farms and greenhouses; limited the delivery of fuel needed for the transport of food and water within the enclave; killed more than two hundred Palestinian aid workers, many of them employees of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), the principal aid provider in the blockaded territory before October 7; and persuaded many donors, including the United States, to stop funding UNRWA by claiming that a dozen of the agency’s 13,000 employees in Gaza were involved in the October 7 attack or have other connections to Hamas. (An investigation by former French foreign minister Catherine Colonna, released on April 22, concluded that Israel had provided no evidence to support its allegations and that UNRWA is “irreplaceable and indispensable.”) The air strikes on April 1 that destroyed all three vehicles in a World Central Kitchen convoy, killing six international aid workers and a Palestinian driver and translator, seemed a continuation of these policies. Israel’s explanation that this was the result of a “misidentification” has aroused skepticism. As a result, other humanitarian groups may be deterred from providing aid.

The cumulative effect of these measures is that many Palestinians—especially young children—are starving."

https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2024/06/06/is-israel-committing-genocide-aryeh-neier/

remixtures, 2 days ago to Israel Portuguese

#Israel #MOSSAD #ICC #HumanRights #InternationalLaw #Palestine #WarCrimes: "The former head of the Mossad, Israel’s foreign intelligence agency, allegedly threatened a chief prosecutor of the international criminal court in a series of secret meetings in which he tried to pressure her into abandoning a war crimes investigation, the Guardian can reveal.

Yossi Cohen’s covert contacts with the ICC’s then prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, took place in the years leading up to her decision to open a formal investigation into alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity in occupied Palestinian territories.

That investigation, launched in 2021, culminated last week when Bensouda’s successor, Karim Khan, announced that he was seeking an arrest warrant for the Israeli prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, over the country’s conduct in its war in Gaza.

The prosecutor’s decision to apply to the ICC’s pre-trial chamber for arrest warrants for Netanyahu and his defence minister, Yoav Gallant, alongside three Hamas leaders, is an outcome Israel’s military and political establishment has long feared."

https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/may/28/israeli-spy-chief-icc-prosecutor-war-crimes-inquiry

remixtures, 2 days ago to socialism Portuguese

#DistributedDemocracy #Decentralization #NetworkedFederalism #CyberSyn #Socialism: "Just as liberalism is flawed in its calls for democracy to extend only to parliamentary representation, the core internet protocols are flawed in their assumption that distribution need only apply to network topology. We have seen the consequences of asking private enterprise to construct a distributed system: centralisation, monopolisation. Just as we demand more democracy than offered by parliaments, we should demand more distribution than offered by private telecommunications. Distribution can only be achieved in this sense via socialisation.

Effective network design demands collective, not private governance. If the private market cannot distribute the network itself, as we have seen it cannot, we will need to find new protocols which can achieve this. And there is no reason to limit this aspiration to topology; we could also distribute computing power. If “the cloud” offers the appearance of distribution, a socialist network might achieve the real thing: equitable access to the power of computation, autonomy over algorithms, open and public archives, digital democracy.

We can go beyond the existing conceptions of distribution to build four necessary protocols for a socialist network:

• Distribute network topology (a demand already latent in TCP/IP)
• Distribute computing power
• Socialise communication
• Socialise the development of network infrastructure itself

The question of how to go about socialising these things remains an open one, but however weak the left might be in this domain today, we are not without options."

https://autonomy.work/portfolio/we-do-not-yet-know-what-a-network-can-do-steps-to-a-collective-internet/

remixtures, 2 days ago to random Portuguese

#RightToRepair #RadicalDemocracy: "This paper analyses the right to repair (R2R) movement through the lens of radical democracy, elucidating the opportunities and limitations for advancing a democratic repair ethics against a backdrop of power imbalances and vested interests. We commence our analysis by exploring broader political-economic trends, demonstrating that Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are increasingly shifting towards asset-based repair strategies. In this landscape, hegemony is preserved not solely through deterrence tactics like planned obsolescence but also by conceding repairability while monopolizing repair and maintenance services. We further argue that the R2R serves as an ‘empty signifier’, whose content is shaped by four counter-hegemonic frames used by the R2R movement: consumer advocacy, environmental sustainability, communitarian values, and creative tinkering. These frames, when viewed through Laclau and Mouffe’s theory of radical democracy, reveal different potentials for sustaining dissent and confronting OEMs' hegemony in the field of repair. Analysed in this way, an emerging business ethics of repair can be understood as driven by the politics of repair beyond repair. This notion foregrounds the centrality of non-violent conflict and antagonism for bringing radical democratic principles to repair debates, looking beyond narrow instrumentalist conversations, where repairability is treated as an apolitical arena solely defined by concerns for eco-efficiency and resource productivity."

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-024-05705-z

remixtures, 2 days ago to Bulgaria Portuguese

#EU #Poland #Surveillance #Privacy: "The case Pietrzak and Bychawska-Siniarska and Others v. Poland (applications nos. 72038/17 and 25237/18) concerned a complaint by five Polish nationals about Polish legislation authorising a secret-surveillance regime covering both operational control and the retention of telecommunications, postal and digital communications data (“communications data”) for possible future use by the relevant national authorities. In particular, they alleged that there was no remedy available under domestic law allowing persons who believed that they had been subjected to secret surveillance to complain about that fact and to have its lawfulness reviewed.

In today’s Chamber judgment in this case the European Court of Human Rights held, unanimously, that there had been three violations of Article 8 (right to respect for private and family life and correspondence) of the European Convention on Human Rights in respect of the complaints concerning the operational-control regime, the retention of communications data for potential use by the relevant national authorities, and the secret-surveillance regime under the Anti-Terrorism Act.

Given the secret nature and wide scope of the measures provided for by the Polish legislation and the lack of effective review by which persons who believed that they had been subjected to surveillance could challenge this alleged surveillance, the Court found it appropriate to examine the legislation at issue in abstracto. It considered that the applicants could claim to be the victims of a violation of the Convention, and that the mere existence of the relevant legislation constituted in
itself an interference with their Article 8 rights.

The Court then held that all the shortcomings identified by it in the operational-control regime led to a conclusion that the national legislation did not provide sufficient safeguards against excessive recourse to surveillance..."

https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/app/conversion/pdf/?library=ECHR&id=003-7957259-11092429&filename=Judgment%20Pietrzak%20and%20Bychawska-Siniarska%20and%20Others%20v.%20Poland%20-%20complaints%20about%20Polish%20legislation%20on%20secret%20surveillance.pdf

remixtures, 2 days ago to random Portuguese

RT @LuizaJarovsky
🚨GENERATIVE AI & HUMAN RIGHTS: the UN published the paper "Taxonomy of Human Rights Risks Connected to Generative AI," and it's a must-read for everyone in AI. Here's why:

➡️The taxonomy supplements the UN B-Tech Project’s foundational paper on generative AI and examines how generative AI may negatively impact human rights (providing real-world examples for each right).

➡️These are the rights covered:
➵ Freedom from Physical and Psychological Harm
➵ Right to Equality Before the Law and to Protection against Discrimination
➵ Right to Privacy
➵ Right to Own Property
➵ Freedom of Thought, Religion, Conscience and Opinion
➵ Freedom of Expression and Access to Information
➵ Right to Take Part in Public Affairs
➵ Right to Work and to Gain a Living
➵ Rights of the Child
➵ Rights to Culture, Art and Science

➡️For each of these rights, the report covers:
➵ a summary of why the right is at risk from the development or use of generative AI;
➵ a selected list of key international human rights law articles pertaining to the right;
➵ a list of examples in which generative AI may threaten the right.

https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/business/b-tech/taxonomy-GenAI-Human-Rights-Harms.pdf

remixtures, 2 days ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #Search #SearchEngines #AISearch #Hallucinations #LLMs: "You know how Google's new feature called AI Overviews is prone to spitting out wildly incorrect answers to search queries? In one instance, AI Overviews told a user to use glue on pizza to make sure the cheese won't slide off (pssst...please don't do this.)

Well, according to an interview at The Verge with Google CEO Sundar Pichai published earlier this week, just before criticism of the outputs really took off, these "hallucinations" are an "inherent feature" of AI large language models (LLM), which is what drives AI Overviews, and this feature "is still an unsolved problem."

So expect more of these weird and incredibly wrong snafus from AI Overviews despite efforts by Google engineers to fix them, such as this big whopper: 13 American presidents graduated from University of Wisconsin-Madison. (Hint: this is so not true.)

But Pichai seems to downplay the errors.

"There are still times it’s going to get it wrong, but I don’t think I would look at that and underestimate how useful it can be at the same time," he said. "I think that would be the wrong way to think about it.""
https://futurism.com/the-byte/ceo-google-ai-hallucinations

remixtures, 2 days ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #ChatGPT #Media #News #Journalism: "ChatGPT is by far the most widely recognised generative AI product – around 50% of the online population in the six countries surveyed have heard of it. It is also by far the most widely used generative AI tool in the six countries surveyed. That being said, frequent use of ChatGPT is rare, with just 1% using it on a daily basis in Japan, rising to 2% in France and the UK, and 7% in the USA. Many of those who say they have used generative AI have used it just once or twice, and it is yet to become part of people’s routine internet use.
In more detail, we find:

• While there is widespread awareness of generative AI overall, a sizable minority of the public – between 20% and 30% of the online population in the six countries surveyed – have not heard of any of the most popular AI tools.
• In terms of use, ChatGPT is by far the most widely used generative AI tool in the six countries surveyed, two or three times more widespread than the next most widely used products, Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot.
• Younger people are much more likely to use generative AI products on a regular basis. Averaging across all six countries, 56% of 18–24s say they have used ChatGPT at least once, compared to 16% of those aged 55 and over.
• Roughly equal proportions across six countries say that they have used generative AI for getting information (24%) as creating various kinds of media, including text but also audio, code, images, and video (28%).
• Just 5% across the six countries covered say that they have used generative AI to get the latest news."

https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/what-does-public-six-countries-think-generative-ai-news

remixtures, 2 days ago to ai Portuguese

#AI #GenerativeAI #AITraining #DataProtection #Privacy: "- Merely relying on the disclosure of statistical accuracy of the GenAI model is insufficient, since it could lead to an “Accuracy Paradox”. It refers to the unintended consequences of solely relying on the disclosure of a model’s statistical accuracy, which can lead to a misleading sense of reliability among users. As accuracy metrics improve, users may overly trust the AI outputs without sufficient verification, increasing the risk of accepting erroneous information.

• Increasing the accuracy of inputs, models, and outputs often comes with the cost of privacy, especially in GenAI context. This involves not only technical identifiability of the individuals involved, but also societal risks such as more accurate and precise targeting for commercial purposes, social sorting, and group privacy implications.
• Overreliance on developers’ and deployers’ accuracy legal compliance is not pragmatic and is overoptimistic, which could ultimately become a burden for users with the tendency of using dark pattern. In this context, GenAI developers and deployers could use such manipulative design to shift the responsibility for data accuracy onto users.
• We argue that content moderation as a tool to mitigate inaccuracy and untrustworthiness. As a critical role in ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness of GenAI, content moderation could filter flawed or harmful content, which involves refining detection methods to distinguish and exclude incorrect or misleading information from training data and model outputs.
• Accuracy of training data cannot directly translate to the accuracy of output, especially in the context of hallucination. Even though most training data is reliable and trustworthy, the essential issue remains that the recombination of trustworthy data into new answers in a new context may lead to untrustworthiness..."

https://www.create.ac.uk/blog/2024/05/28/accuracy-of-training-data-and-model-outputs-in-generative-ai-create-response-to-the-information-commissioners-office-ico-consultation/